Watch: endoscopic spine surgery

Endoscopic spine surgery treats problems like a herniated disc or a pinched nerve through an incision about seven millimeters long. A thin camera and small instruments go in through that opening, and the surgeon works while watching a high-definition screen. It is easier to understand when you can see it, so a few videos are collected here.

For a full written explanation, including who is and is not a good candidate, see endoscopic spine surgery explained.

• KDKA · CBS Pittsburgh · Eye on Health

  Dr. Sauber on KDKA's "Eye on Health"

  In this local news segment, Dr. Sauber explains how endoscopic spine surgery works and why a smaller incision can mean less pain and a quicker return to normal life for the right patient. It is a good place to start if you are new to the idea.

  CBS Pittsburgh "Eye on Health," August 2024.

• Procedure animation

  The transforaminal approach

  Here the endoscope reaches the disc from the side, passing through the foramen, the natural opening where a nerve leaves the spine. Because it slips through a space that is already there, this approach disturbs very little muscle. It is often used for herniations that sit off to the side of the spinal canal.

  Animation courtesy of Arthrex.

• Procedure animation

  The interlaminar approach

  Here the endoscope comes in from the back, through the gap between two neighboring vertebrae. This route is common for herniations low in the lower back, at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels, where that gap tends to be wide enough to work through. Which approach fits depends on where the problem is and on each patient's anatomy.

  Animation courtesy of Arthrex.